PgConf.Russia 2017

Database sharding enables a distribution of the database over a large number of machines, greatly improving performance. With the advent of Foreign Data Wrappers (FDW), it's possible to consider a database sharding in PostgreSQL with acceptable level of code changes using FDW. We've been working on enhancing around FDW infrastructure such as foreign table inheritance and pushing down so that PostgreSQL can execute the distributed query efficiently using FDW. In this talk, I'll cover what FDW-based sharding is and what use-cases it can cover. And then I'll demonstrate how to build sharding and describe our achievement of a FDW-based sharding in PostgreSQL community. Finally, I'll describe further enhancements to FDW such as Async Execution and Distributed Transaction Support.

Alexey will present technical details and share hands-on experience of extreme data normalization application for data infrastructure with exceptional parameters design and development. Extreme normalization-based data infrastructures has the following competitive advantages in comparison with market leaders: - Real-time data processing for 10 PB of data and more - 2-6 times better overall performance - 100% data consistency through total data landscape - Almost linear scalability - 4-10 lower cost of ownership - etc The abovementioned approach has been successfully utilized out of Russian market in telecommunication, retail, fin-tech, manufacturing (Industry 4.0, industrial IoT), and government institutions.

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Currently, to execute SQL queries PostgreSQL uses interpreter, which implements Volcano-style iteration model. At the same time it’s possible to get significant speedup by dynamically JIT-compiling query “on-the-fly”. In this case it’s possible to generate code that is specialized for given SQL query, and perform compiler optimizations using the information about table structure and data types that is already known at run time. This approach is especially important for complex queries, which performance is CPU-bound.

ZSON is a PostgreSQL extension for transparent JSONB compression. Compression is based on a shared dictionary of strings most frequently used in specific JSONB documents (not only keys, but also values, array elements, etc). In some cases ZSON can save half of your disk space and give you about 10% more TPS.

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